The Modeling of Salt Water Intrusion Essay -- Encroachment Science Ess

The Modeling of flavour piss impactWhat is Salt Water Intrusion? Salt body of pissing intrusion, or encroachment, is defined by Freeze and Cherry (1979) as the migration of salinity weewee into newfangled water aquifers under the influence of groundwater development. Salt water intrusion sires a problem in coastal argonas where fresh water aquifers are hydraulically connected with seawater. When large heart and souls of fresh water are withdrawn from these aquifers, hydraulic gradients encourage the flow of seawater toward the pumped easily or wells. Salt water intrusion is a problem that affects coastal areas around the world. Groundwater Problems in coastal Areas (Custodio, 1987) is an excellent reference for more selective information on global salt water intrusion problems, while Atkinson (1986) expand salt water intrusion problems for the coastal areas of the United States. Why is it a Problem?The encroachment of salt water into fresh water supplies has become cause for concern within the last century as populations in coastal areas have risen sharply and placed greater demands on fresh groundwater reserves. Salt water intrusion causes many problems in these areas, perchance the most severe being the limitation of potable drinking water. potable water standards established by the EPA in 1962 require that drinking water contain no more than 500 mg/L of aggregate suspended solids (TSS), a common measure of salinity (Atkinson, 1986). Seawater contains some 30000 mg/L of TSS. Therefore, it is evident that even a small amount of seawater can cause drinking water problems when mixed with fresh water reserves. Also, salinity in irrigation water can be negative to agriculture, reducing yields and killing crops with low tolerances to salt. In some... ...t Modeling of the Flow through Porous Media. OWRT-C-4026(9006)(4). Office of Water Resources and Technology, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Washington, DC. March, 1975. Christensen, B.A., Mathematica l Methods for Analysis of Fresh Water Lenses in the Coastal Zones of the Floridian Aquifer. OWRT-A-032-FLA(1). Office of Water Research and Technology. U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Washington, DC. Custodio, E., and Llamas, M.R. Hidrologia Subterranea. Ed. Omega, Barcelona. 1976. Custodio, E. (prepared by). Groundwater Problems in Coastal Areas. A contribution to the International Hydrological Programme. 1987. Freeze, R. A. and J. A. Cherry. Groundwater. Prentice Hall, Inc. 1979. Jenkins, S. R. and R. K. Moore. Effect of Saltwater Intrusion on Soil Erodibility of Alabama Marshlands. Water Resources Research Institute, Auburn University, Auburn, Al. 1984.